Exporters rushed to sidestep U.S. tariffs, pushing GDP higher despite housing slowdown and weak household spending.

A rush to get ahead of Canada’s looming tariff dispute with the United States powered economic growth in the first quarter, Statistics Canada said Friday.

Real gross domestic product rose 2.2% annualized in the three-month period, the agency reported, up slightly from 2.1% in the fourth quarter.

Annualized real GDP figures for the final quarter of 2024 were revised down by half a percentage point, Statistics Canada said, and other quarters from last year were also adjusted in Friday’s release.

The first-quarter figures topped Statistics Canada’s flash estimate for annualized growth of 1.5% and beat calls for 1.7% from a Reuters poll of economists.

Threats of tariffs from the United States suffused the first quarter for Canada’s economy, particularly for the trade-sensitive automotive, steel and aluminum sectors.

Those import taxes and Canada’s retaliatory tariffs were initially applied in early March, though each has since faced a variety of adjustments and exemptions.

Statistics Canada said fears around the looming trade war inspired both Canadian importers and exporters to rush to get ahead of tariffs.

Goods exports were up 1.6% in the first quarter, Statistics Canada said, driven by increased shipments of passenger vehicles and industrial machinery and parts. Non-farm businesses were also building up their inventories, reversing withdrawals from the previous quarter and pushing GDP higher.

Hampering growth was the uptick in imports and a slowdown in housing resale activity.

Ownership transfer costs, which represent resales, were down 18.6% quarterly — the largest drop in roughly three years.

Rates of household spending and saving were both slowing in the first quarter amid weaker income gains, the agency said.

Figures for March show growth of 0.1% in real GDP, rebounding from a slight contraction in February, amid a boost in mining, quarrying and oil and gas extraction.

Statistics Canada’s advance estimates see the economy also growing 0.1% in April, despite what it expects was a fourth consecutive monthly decline in the manufacturing industry.